Sparta was a prominent ancient Greek polis in Laconia. In classical antiquity, the state was known as Lacedaemon, while Sparta referred to its capital, a group of villages in the valley of the Evrotas River in Laconia, in southeastern Peloponnese. During the 7th century BC, it rose to become the most prominent land military power in the Greek world, a status it retained until its defeat at Leuctra in 371 BC.
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In the 6th century BC Sparta founded the Peloponnesian League, establishing its hegemony over most of Peloponnese. During the second Persian invasion of Greece, Sparta was recognised as the leading land force of the Hellenic alliance that also included the rising maritime power of Athens. The Spartan army was crucial in the battles of Thermopylae and Plataea under the leadership of Leonidas and Pausanias respectively.
Sparta led the Peloponnesian League against the Athenian Empire during the Peloponnesian War, from which it emerged victorious after Lysander's victory at the naval Battle of Aegospotami. A short period of Spartan hegemony followed, when Spartan armies under Agesilaus II led a series of campaigns in western Anatolian satrapies of the Achaemenid empire to protect the Ionian cities.
From the Wikipedia article Sparta, CC BY-SA 4.0.
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Articles with coordinates within 10 km, from English Wikipedia.
Towns around Sparta
- Kalamata28 km W
- Trípoli49 km N
- Árgos68 km NE
- Kórinthos107 km NE
- Pýrgos110 km NW
- Amaliáda125 km NW
- Mégara130 km NE
- Aígio134 km N
Straight-line distance and compass bearing from the town centre.